Analysis of Home Safety of the Elderly Living in City and Rural Areas

summary of Home Safety of the Elderly bread and butter in City and agrarian Areas 1. Absract physiologic changes and chronic diseases arising during maturement answer increase venture of hap of the senile, in particular the of term(p) vivification alone at their theatres. Home fortuitys atomic number 18 the most commonly health problem in the seniorly. This study was carried come out to describe stead pencil eraser of the antique spiritedness in a urban center or outlandish ara victimisation a sept safety resistlist. 512 liveliness in Turkey (330 in city 182 in arcadian bea) were evaluated via face-to-face interview using a home safety checklist during a period amongst December and March in two hundred7.In addition to sociodemographics, a questionnaire including home characteristics and life style of participants was applied. To describe home safety level, Home Safety Checklist was apply. 2-Introduction Aging, which is a part of life and a nonrecoverabl e process. Developments in the field of tecnology,health and nutrition increase life expectancy in the general existence has led to an increased incidence of elderly population. in particular in industrialized countries, this increase is faster.The increase in elderly population by bringing with it social problems, particularly affecting the family structure of the elderly pecuniary backing alone is ca enforce Depending on the time during the aging process in human organism, physical, physiological and psychological changes argon emerging. Decrease with aging occur in the physical abilities, to continue their activities of daily monetary support and home-related poses an obstructor to the execution of work. Physiological changes and the suppurate of progress emerged due to chronic diseases, peculiarly those sustenance alone at home often face with the fortune of misadventures .An classic part of the problems faced by the elderly home accidents constituted. Physiological changes and dementia as well as some chronic diseases, norooftalmalojik findings, modernized hearing loss, posture, balance and gait disturbances and sensory changes, has led to increased risk of accidents. The elderly, the most important preventive safety covers, one of the age-related physiological deficiency in developing corrective to troubleshoot instruments (hearing aid, glasses, etc.. ) Usage as a tin servant accident may lead to removal of conditions must be determined.Therefore, in recent years in elderly home safety and home safety inspection and control increased the importance of the list. In this context, is astray utilize in the field of health inspection and control lists, and application tools argon the most important ergonomic evaluation. 3-Explict Statemnet Of The Study Objective Including operable Definition This study used a home safety check list and the elderly living at home in our country, the protection line in the digest and emerged with aging i n terms of accident risks in order to examine the post of housing argon planned. judge Groups essay 1The elderly who is living in the city Sample 2The elderly who is living in the rural areas Variables Age This variablesthe elderly who is living in the city Gender and the rural areas used to inquire the Education demograhic datas. Marriage spatial relation Occupational Status category subject This variables the elderly who is living in the cityPrivate roomsand the rural areas was used to examine the status of domesticated Availabilitytheir home. Satisfaction Financial Status Living Arrengement This variablesthe elderly who is living in the city and the Leisure Activities rural areas was used to examine the their life style. protective cover Score p is degree of granting immunity In statistics, the number of degrees of liberty is the number of honours in the terminal calculation of a statistic that are free to vary 4-Methodology division This descriptive type of study,w e selected 512 elder mass with random sampling regularity. 30 of 512 elder person which we select in the city and 182 of 512 which we collect in the ru cuss areas among celestial latitude to march 2007 in 7 geographical regions of Turkey in Denizli, Izmir, Ayd? n, Antalya, Mersin, Ankara, Konya, Istanbul, Diyarbakir, Trabzon, Sinop and Zonguldak provinces. In collection of data, as well as demographic information, domiciliateh honest-to-goodness status and forms of life questionnaire stating where questions were administered. To determine the level of home security developed by the National Security Council, consisting of 65 questions, Home Security Checklist is used.National Security Council, the score at 1-7 in the perfect home for safety aspects, between 8-14 scores well 15 and on the scores were tasked as dangerous. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic and National Security Council with the elderly living at home with the method to be verbatim comments get out be re viewed their homes Pamukkale University School of Physical Therapy and refilling was completed by senior students. Chi-square probe was used for evaluating data. 5-Data Analysis Section Pearsons chi-square (? ) test is the best-kn ingest of several chi square test statistical procedures whose results are evaluated by reference to the chi square distrubition. Its properties were first investigated by Karl Pearson. In contexts where it is important to make a distinction between the test statistic and its distribution, names similar to Pearson ? -squared test or statistic are used. It tests a nugatory hypothesis stating that the frequency distrubition of certain events observed in a judge is consistent with a particular hypothetical distribution. The events considered must be inversely exclusive and have total probability 1.A common fact for this is where the events from each one cover an outcome of a categorial variable. A mere(a) example is the hypothesis that an ordinary s ix-sided dia is fair, i. e. , all six outcomes are equally likely to occur. Pearsons chi-square is the original and most widely-used chi-square test. Definition Pearsons chi-square is used to assess two types of comparison tests of faithfulness of fit and tests of independence. A test of goodness of fit establishes whether or not an observed frequency distrubition differs from a theoretical distribution.A test of independence assesses whether paired observations on two variables, expressed in a contingency tables, are independent of each various for example, whether people from different regions differ in the frequency with which they report that they financing a political candidate. The first step in the chi-square test is to work the chi-square statistics. In order to avoid ambiguity, the value of the test-statistic is denoted by X2 rather than ? 2 this withal serves as a reminder that the distribution of the test statistic is not exactly that of a chi-square random variab le.However some authors do use the ? 2 notation for the test statistic. An exact test which does not rely on using the approximate ? 2 distribution is Fishers exact test ,this is significantly more accurate in evaluating the moment level of the test, especially with small numbers of observation. The chi-square statistic is calculated by finding the difference between each observed and theoretical frequency for each possible outcome, squaring them, dividing each by the theoretical frequency, and taking the sum of the results.A second important part of determining the test statistic is to define the degrees of freedom of the test this is essentially the number of observed frequencies adjusted for the effect of using some of those observations to define the theoretical frequencies. Results 11. 2% of the elderly living in the city , 14. 4% of the elderly living in rural areas whose age is 80 and over age in the range TABLE 1Examination of demografic data for elderly people living in th e city and in rural areas Variables CITY RURAL Age 65-69 age 70-79 age 80 age Gender n % n % 171 51. 8 78 42. 8 122 36. 9 78 42. 37 11. 2 26 14. 3 Woman 189 57. 3 107 58. 8 Man 141 42. 7 45 41. 2 EDUCATION Literacy does not know 19. 1 19. 1 61 33. literate Primary School 37. 3 37. 3 82 45. 1 10. 3 10. 3 9 4. 9 Middle School 16. 7 16. 7 16 8. 8 High school 9. 1 9. 1 9 4. University 7. 6 7. 6 5 2. 7 Marriage Status atomic number 53 43 13 18 9. 9 Married 249 75. 5 cl 82. 4 38 11. 5 14 7. Divorced Occupational Status Works 294 89 154 84. 6 36 11 28 15. 4 Not working / Retired TABLE 2 An analysis of the homes of elderly living in rural areas and in the city Variables CITY RURAL House type n % n % p Detached 128 36. 8 157 96. 3 Apartment 202 61. 2 25 13. 7 0. 001 Private rooms Yes 211 63. 9 98 53. 8 No 41 12. 4 46 25. 3 Have shared 78 33. 9 38 20. 9 0. 001 Domestic availability Good 218 66. 1 106 58. Bad 112 33. 9 76 42. 7 0. 05 Satisfaction Satisfied 233 71 107 58. 8 Not satisfied 97 29. 4 75 41. 2 0. 07 Financial Situation Self-sufficient 257 77. 9 109 59. 9 Children looking 56 17 52 28. 6 0. 0001 17 5. 1 1 11. 5 Relatives looking Table 3 The examination of the life style of elderly living in rural areas and in the city Variables CITY RURAL Living arrangement Single With his married woman With relatives Leisure activities n % n % p 59 17. 9 30 16. 5 0. 5 196 59. 4 112 61. 5 75 22. 7 40 22 Participation is 130 39. 4 48 26. 4 200 60. 6 134 73. 4 0. 03 Accession No Security score resplendent 7 2. 1 0. 5 Well 76 23. 0 27 14. 8 0. 027 Bad 247 74. 9 154 84. 6 The information about situation of emeritus peoples houses are presented i n Table 2. About %59,4 percent of doddery people living in cities, and %61,5 percent of old people living in rural areas stated that they live with their husbands/wifes together.When results of Home Security and stamp down list are inspected mean number of old people living in cities is 20. 618. 18, while mean number of old people living in rural areas is 25,169,59. About %74,9 percentage of houses of people living in cities are notice self-aggrandizing in security criterion, %23 are considered good and %2,1 are perfect. In rural areas however, %84,6 are detected bad, %14,8 are good and %0,5 are perfect. (Table 3) Debate Every year, many old people get injured by an accident in their own houses, or near it. Most of injuries are caused by preventable dangers. employ house security and control list with regular periods, gives chance to value condition again, which leads possibility to make those dangers and risks obsolote.In our study, old people living in city and rural areas ar e found similiar by fashion of age and gender. This result shows that,HSCL results are not affected this two factors. educational status of these two groups were examined, the higher(prenominal) the educational level of those living in cities and thus are better home security scores were observed. In our study, 86. 3% of those living in rural areas reputation continued living in their houses and 53. 8%of living in rural areas whose have a special room ,we have been identified. Proportion of people living in houses in the city (38. 8%) lower than those living in rural areas, although the cities have the people in the private room rate is higher (69. 9%).We think that it is significant to consider this situation, while arranging house by means of security. According to home safety checklist,reaching domestic usability for both elderly groups have similiar charecteristics,the average score was not effective on. However, a higher proportion of elderly living in rural areas in the (41. 2%) stated that they are not satisfied with our home security-related problems that reason a large size. 40. 1% of those living in rural areas in need of financial support to someone else, in protection from danger at home to prevent the necessary ergonomic regulations is an important financial problem. In our study, we have control in the city (74. 9%) and of the houses in rural areas (84. %) a large proportion of unsafe and risky as to fall hazard was observed. For those living in the city, to live in the apartment, the financial situation is good to be home and satisfied with the condition are important factors in domestic security. For old people living in rural areas however, having poor education, living in a private house and beingness financially dependent raises the security score, and leads danger for security of people. Our results are also compatible with literature The surver used in our study, includes the different characteristics of house and different activities m ade in house, which allows to evaluate and be prepared against accident risks low each sub-topic.For old people living in rural areas however, having poor education, living in a private house and being financially dependent raises the security score, and leads danger for security of people. Our results are also compatible with literature . The surver used in our study, includes the different characteristics of house and different activities made in house, which allows to evaluate and be prepared against accident risks under each sub-topic. (1,2) %74. 9 percent of people living in cities and %86 percent of people living in rural areas have bad security score, which shows they are unprotected agains various accidents and falls. Those risks are similiar, both for old people living in apartments and private houses.Of each chapter house in terms of accident risk assessment and risk profile forget reveal its relation with problems which occur with aging also are image to be investigate d. Moreover, determining the injury accident record form is important for audit and control systems. In light of all these records and data will be at home with ergonomic regulations reduce the risk of accidents increasing aging, the elderly and more healthy life with a higher level of character of life can continue to take appropriate measures are required. 6-Ethical Consideration and Limitations While we are doing a research on the elderly to learn their life,we respect their private life. So, we take care of shouldnt be revealed their names and other personel information. 7-Research Results and RecommendationsIn line with the results of our study, home security, the importance of quality of life is emphasized once again. Ergonomic and architectural creation of fit habitat many risk eliminating the factors, will reduce the risk of injury. In this context, the health staff by producing a joint project with the architects of the houses in the community who live a healthy life, sui table for all individuals, especially the elderly are thought to be present. Also in this get by of local government, civil society organizations and government to develop policies and strategic plans are required. 8-Reference www. korhek. org http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pearsons_chi-square_test